Global Monkeypox Vaccine And Treatment Market Report

Global Monkeypox Vaccine And Treatment Market is poised for a significant growth, with market size projected to surge from USD 99.05 Million in 2023 to USD 248.08 Million by 2032, showcasing a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.74% during the forecast period.

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Size and Forecast 2024 to 2032

The monkeypox vaccine and treatment market has gained significant attention following the outbreak of monkeypox, a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus. Monkeypox presents symptoms similar to smallpox but is generally less severe. The disease is transmitted to humans through close contact with infected animals, humans, or contaminated materials, with symptoms including fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes.

The global resurgence of monkeypox in 2023, marked by outbreaks in regions where it was previously uncommon, catalyzed public health responses and underscored the demand for effective vaccines and treatments. Key players in this market are leveraging advancements in virology and immunology to address the need for prevention and therapeutics. This market is shaped by collaborations between public health agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and non-governmental organizations to develop comprehensive strategies for outbreak containment and disease management, positioning it as a critical sector in global healthcare.

Market Dynamics
Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Drivers

• Increased Global Incidence of Zoonotic Diseases: The rising prevalence of zoonotic diseases, including monkeypox, is a significant driver for the vaccine and treatment market. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), zoonotic diseases account for 60% of all emerging infectious diseases globally, with monkeypox witnessing a notable resurgence in non-endemic countries since 2022. The increasing frequency of such outbreaks underscores the need for robust preventative and therapeutic measures, fueling the demand for vaccines like JYNNEOS and antivirals such as Tecovirimat. This growing concern over cross-species disease transmission emphasizes the urgent requirement for healthcare preparedness, driving market growth.
• Government-Backed Vaccination Initiatives: The active involvement of governments in vaccination campaigns is accelerating the adoption of monkeypox vaccines. For instance, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services announced the distribution of over 300,000 doses of the JYNNEOS vaccine in 2022 to counter the outbreak. Similarly, the European Medicines Agency fast-tracked approvals for monkeypox treatments to enhance access. These initiatives not only increase vaccination coverage but also stimulate investments in the research and development of improved therapeutics, creating a favorable market environment.
• Rising Healthcare Expenditure and Global Preparedness Efforts: The expansion of healthcare budgets to tackle infectious diseases has positively impacted the monkeypox vaccine and treatment market. As per the World Bank, global health expenditure per capita rose steadily over the past decade, indicating heightened investments in disease prevention and management. Enhanced funding for outbreak preparedness and emergency medical stockpiles has further intensified the development and distribution of vaccines and treatments, thereby driving market growth.
• Increased Awareness and Education Campaigns: Public health awareness initiatives focusing on monkeypox prevention and treatment are pivotal market drivers. The WHO and various national health organizations have conducted extensive campaigns to educate the public about the importance of early detection, vaccination, and hygiene measures. These efforts have led to increased demand for preventive solutions, evidenced by rising vaccination rates in affected regions. The emphasis on awareness has not only improved disease control efforts but also contributed to sustained market expansion.
• Technological Advancements in Vaccine and Drug Development: Innovations in biotechnology and virology are significantly driving the monkeypox vaccine and treatment market. Advanced platforms such as mRNA technology, recombinant viral vectors, and monoclonal antibodies are being explored to enhance the efficacy and safety of vaccines and therapeutics. For instance, Bavarian Nordic’s use of Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) technology in its JYNNEOS vaccine has set a benchmark for safe and effective immunization. According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), ongoing research into next-generation antivirals and vaccines aims to improve rapid deployment during outbreaks. These technological advancements not only enable faster production but also expand the scope for addressing future mutations or emerging related viruses, propelling the market forward.

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Opportunities

• Expansion in Non-Endemic Regions: The spread of monkeypox to non-endemic countries presents a significant market opportunity. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 100 countries reported monkeypox cases in 2022, many of which had no prior history of outbreaks. This global shift necessitates the development and distribution of vaccines and treatments tailored to new populations. Pharmaceutical companies can capitalize on this demand by expanding production capabilities and forming international partnerships to ensure equitable access, particularly in regions with limited healthcare infrastructure.
• Development of Next-Generation Vaccines: The need for vaccines with extended efficacy and broader protection against orthopoxviruses offers immense potential. As reported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), ongoing research into mRNA-based and protein subunit vaccines has shown promise for improved safety profiles and scalability. Companies that invest in these innovative platforms could meet growing demand while addressing gaps in existing immunization solutions.
• Growth in Public-Private Partnerships: Collaborations between governments, international organizations, and private pharmaceutical companies are creating opportunities for accelerated vaccine development and distribution. The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) has allocated substantial funding to support global vaccine manufacturing and pandemic preparedness efforts. These partnerships facilitate access to resources, streamline regulatory pathways, and foster innovation, positioning market players to address current and future outbreaks effectively.
• Increased Focus on Stockpile Expansion: Governments are prioritizing the establishment of strategic reserves for vaccines and antiviral drugs to prepare for future outbreaks. The U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) has actively supported the stockpiling of JYNNEOS and Tecovirimat for emergency use. Such initiatives create a stable demand for vaccine production and provide a buffer against supply chain disruptions, creating sustained opportunities for manufacturers and suppliers in the market.
• Rise in Diagnostic Innovations: Advancements in monkeypox diagnostics open avenues for early disease detection and outbreak containment. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has emphasized the need for high-sensitivity testing kits to improve case identification. Innovations in point-of-care diagnostics and laboratory assays are not only reducing detection times but also enabling targeted vaccine administration. Companies investing in diagnostics can tap into this growing market segment while complementing vaccine and treatment efforts.

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Restrain & Challenges

• Limited Vaccine Production Capacity: Insufficient global manufacturing capacity for monkeypox vaccines poses a significant challenge. Bavarian Nordic, the primary producer of the JYNNEOS vaccine, faced supply shortages during the 2022 outbreak, highlighting the limited scalability of current production processes. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), many regions experienced delays in vaccine access, particularly low-income countries, due to constrained supply chains. This bottleneck hampers the ability to respond promptly to outbreaks, restricting market growth and leaving populations vulnerable.
• High Costs of Vaccine Development and Distribution: The financial burden associated with vaccine development, clinical trials, and distribution remains a critical barrier. Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reveals that developing a new vaccine can cost upwards of $1 billion, often limiting the entry of new players into the market. Furthermore, the logistical costs of cold-chain storage and distribution, especially in remote regions, increase the price of vaccines, making them less accessible to low- and middle-income countries.
• Regulatory Hurdles and Lengthy Approval Processes: Complex regulatory frameworks for vaccine approval delay market entry and the availability of treatments. The European Medicines Agency and the U.S. FDA require extensive preclinical and clinical trials to ensure safety and efficacy. While necessary, these lengthy processes can slow down emergency responses during outbreaks. Moreover, variations in international regulatory standards complicate the global distribution of approved vaccines and treatments, hindering market growth.
• Vaccine Hesitancy and Misinformation: Public resistance to vaccination, fueled by misinformation, poses a challenge to the widespread adoption of monkeypox vaccines. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported lower-than-expected uptake of JYNNEOS in some regions, driven by misconceptions about vaccine safety and necessity. Combating vaccine hesitancy requires significant investment in public education campaigns, which further burdens healthcare systems and delays containment efforts.
• Uneven Global Access and Inequities: Disparities in healthcare infrastructure and funding create uneven access to monkeypox vaccines and treatments across regions. The WHO highlighted that high-income countries acquired the majority of available doses during the 2022 outbreak, leaving low-income nations with limited supplies. This inequity exacerbates the spread of the disease in underserved areas and presents a major challenge for global health equity, limiting the overall market’s potential impact.

Current Trends in the Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market

• Adoption of mRNA-Based Vaccine Platforms: The growing use of mRNA technology is revolutionizing the development of monkeypox vaccines. Leveraging the success of mRNA vaccines in combating COVID-19, companies are exploring this platform to enhance immune responses and scalability. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), mRNA technology offers rapid development capabilities and flexibility for targeting multiple pathogens, including emerging strains of monkeypox. This approach has the potential to shorten production timelines and improve global accessibility, representing a pivotal trend in vaccine innovation.
• Integration of AI in Drug Discovery and Vaccine Development: Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly prominent role in accelerating the discovery of antiviral drugs and vaccines for monkeypox. AI tools are being used to analyze viral genomic data, optimize vaccine formulations, and predict immune responses. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has emphasized the utility of AI in improving outbreak response strategies, including the rapid identification of therapeutic targets. These advancements not only enhance the efficiency of R&D processes but also reduce costs, marking a transformative shift in the healthcare landscape.
• Expansion of Single-Dose and Intranasal Vaccine Formulations: To improve compliance and broaden accessibility, researchers are developing single-dose and intranasal vaccine formulations for monkeypox. Intranasal delivery, in particular, is gaining attention for its ease of administration and potential to induce localized immunity in the respiratory tract. The U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) has highlighted the promise of such innovations in addressing logistical challenges during large-scale immunization campaigns. These advancements aim to increase vaccination coverage while simplifying distribution efforts, establishing a key trend in the market.
• Growth of Biomanufacturing Facilities and Regional Hubs: The establishment of regional biomanufacturing facilities to produce vaccines and treatments locally is a notable trend. Governments and organizations such as the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) are investing in decentralized production hubs to enhance global vaccine supply chains. This trend gained momentum following the challenges observed during the 2022 outbreak, as many regions faced delays in accessing imported vaccines. Localized manufacturing aims to improve supply resilience and foster equitable access, driving significant change in the market.
• Development of Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Therapies: The focus on creating broad-spectrum antiviral treatments that target multiple Orthopoxviruses, including monkeypox and smallpox, is a rising trend in the market. These therapies aim to provide a versatile solution for current and future outbreaks of related viruses. Tecovirimat (TPOXX), approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has demonstrated efficacy against a range of Orthopoxvirus infections and is paving the way for further innovations in this space. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) emphasizes the importance of expanding the therapeutic arsenal to combat potential viral mutations and emerging threats. This trend is driving research into next-generation antivirals, offering a robust response to global health challenges while ensuring preparedness for future epidemics.

Segmentation Insights

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Analysis, By Product

By Product, the market is divided into Vaccines (JYNNEOS/Imvanex, Smallpox Vaccine, Others), Drugs (Tecovirimat, Brincidofovir, Cidofovir, Others), and Vaccinia Immune Globulin (VIG).

• The vaccine segment holds the largest share of the global monkeypox vaccine and treatment market, driven by the widespread use of JYNNEOS/Imvanex and smallpox vaccines. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies JYNNEOS as the preferred vaccine for monkeypox due to its proven efficacy and safety in preventing the disease. Governments worldwide have procured millions of doses to manage the 2022 outbreaks. Additionally, the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes vaccines as the primary defense against monkeypox, underscoring their importance in controlling the spread of the virus.
• The drugs segment is growing at the fastest rate, fueled by the increasing adoption of antiviral therapies such as Tecovirimat (TPOXX). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Tecovirimat for monkeypox treatment, citing its efficacy in reducing symptoms and mortality. With the emergence of drug-resistant strains and growing global access, this segment is expanding rapidly. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) highlights ongoing research into Brincidofovir and Cidofovir to broaden the therapeutic arsenal. These developments, combined with the urgent need for effective treatments during outbreaks, make antiviral drugs a pivotal growth area in the market.

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Analysis, By Route of Administration

By Route of Administration, the market is categorized into Oral and Injectable.

• The injectable segment holds the largest share of the monkeypox vaccine and treatment market. This is primarily due to the widespread use of injectable vaccines like JYNNEOS and smallpox vaccines, which are administered subcutaneously. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the injectable route for its higher efficacy in delivering targeted immunity. Additionally, antiviral drugs such as Tecovirimat are often formulated for intravenous administration in severe cases, further boosting the segment. The global health response to the 2022 monkeypox outbreak emphasized injectable solutions as a reliable and proven method for disease prevention and management.
• The oral segment is the fastest-growing category, driven by the increasing adoption of oral antiviral medications like Tecovirimat capsules. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved oral formulations for monkeypox treatment, emphasizing their ease of use and patient compliance compared to injectables. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) highlights the convenience of oral drugs in outpatient settings, reducing the burden on healthcare facilities during outbreaks. These factors, along with ongoing research into expanding oral drug options, are fueling growth in this segment, making it a critical focus for future therapeutic advancements.

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Analysis, By End Use

By End Use, the market is categorized into Hospitals, Specialty Clinics, and Others.

• Hospitals represent the largest segment of the monkeypox vaccine and treatment market due to their critical role in managing severe cases and providing mass vaccination services. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hospitals are primary centers for diagnosing and treating monkeypox, particularly in regions experiencing outbreaks. They are equipped to administer advanced treatments like intravenous Tecovirimat and manage complications such as secondary infections. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) further notes that hospitals are pivotal in outbreak containment through isolation protocols and vaccine distribution, driving their dominance in the market.
• Specialty clinics are the fastest-growing segment, driven by their focus on outpatient care and targeted healthcare services. Clinics specializing in infectious diseases and dermatology have played a vital role in administering vaccines such as JYNNEOS and providing early treatment during monkeypox outbreaks. The CDC highlights the efficiency of specialty clinics in reaching at-risk populations, particularly in urban settings. Their ability to deliver tailored care, reduce hospital burden, and improve vaccine accessibility contributes to their rapid growth, making them an integral component of the healthcare response to monkeypox.

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Regional Insights

The market has been geographically analysed across five regions, Europe, North America, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa.

• North America holds the largest share of the monkeypox vaccine and treatment market, driven by robust healthcare infrastructure and significant government investments in outbreak management. The U.S. has led the global response, with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) distributing over 800,000 doses of the JYNNEOS vaccine during the 2022 outbreak. The region also benefits from strong R&D capabilities, with pharmaceutical companies like Bavarian Nordic and SIGA Technologies playing pivotal roles. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, North America’s strategic stockpiling of vaccines and antiviral drugs further strengthens its leadership. Predicted future performance indicates sustained demand for innovative therapeutics, supported by comprehensive public health initiatives.
• Asia-Pacific is the fastest-growing region in the monkeypox vaccine and treatment market, driven by rising awareness and increasing government efforts to strengthen healthcare infrastructure. Countries like India and China are investing heavily in vaccine production and disease preparedness. The World Health Organization (WHO) highlights Asia’s vulnerability to zoonotic diseases due to dense populations and human-animal interactions, spurring proactive vaccination campaigns. Additionally, collaborations between governments and international organizations are improving access to treatments and diagnostics. With growing investments in R&D and expanding healthcare access in emerging economies, the Asia-Pacific region is poised for significant growth in the coming years.

Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Competitive Overview

The monkeypox vaccine and treatment market is characterized by intense competition among key players, driven by the global urgency to combat outbreaks and ensure equitable access to vaccines and treatments. Major companies like Bavarian Nordic, SIGA Technologies, and Chimerix dominate the landscape due to their proven products and advanced R&D capabilities. Bavarian Nordic’s JYNNEOS vaccine, the only FDA-approved non-replicating smallpox and monkeypox vaccine, has been a cornerstone in managing outbreaks. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) distributed over 800,000 doses of JYNNEOS during the 2022 outbreak, showcasing its dominance in the market.

On the treatment front, SIGA Technologies' Tecovirimat (TPOXX) has gained FDA approval for treating monkeypox and has been included in several national stockpiles, further solidifying its position. The competitive landscape is also witnessing innovation, with companies exploring mRNA vaccine platforms and broad-spectrum antivirals. Collaborations between pharmaceutical firms and government agencies, such as funding from the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI), are fostering new entrants and strengthening global supply chains. As the market evolves, players are prioritizing scalability, affordability, and accessibility to maintain a competitive edge while addressing public health priorities worldwide.
Leading Market Players in the Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market

• Bavarian Nordic: Bavarian Nordic is a leading biotechnology company known for its JYNNEOS/Imvanex vaccine, the only FDA- and EMA-approved non-replicating vaccine for monkeypox and smallpox. The company gained global prominence during the 2022 monkeypox outbreak, with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) distributing hundreds of thousands of JYNNEOS doses. Bavarian Nordic’s advanced Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) platform has been critical in ensuring the vaccine’s safety and efficacy. The company collaborates with governments and organizations like WHO to expand vaccine access globally, reinforcing its dominant position in the market.
• SIGA Technologies: SIGA Technologies is renowned for its antiviral drug Tecovirimat (TPOXX), approved by the U.S. FDA and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for treating monkeypox and smallpox. Tecovirimat has become a cornerstone of outbreak management, included in strategic stockpiles by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. SIGA’s commitment to public health preparedness is evident through its partnerships with international agencies, ensuring widespread availability of its treatment. The company’s focus on research and innovation has made it a key player in addressing orthopoxvirus outbreaks.
• Chimerix: Chimerix specializes in antiviral therapies and is recognized for its development of Brincidofovir, approved by the U.S. FDA for smallpox treatment. Although primarily focused on smallpox, Brincidofovir has shown potential for monkeypox cases, broadening its application. Chimerix’s emphasis on high-impact therapeutic solutions has positioned it as a vital contributor to the monkeypox treatment market. The company actively collaborates with public health agencies to enhance drug access and preparedness, solidifying its role in managing infectious diseases.

Top Strategies Followed by Players

• Expansion of Manufacturing Capacity: Key players are investing in scaling up vaccine and antiviral production to meet surging global demand. Bavarian Nordic has enhanced its manufacturing capabilities to produce millions of JYNNEOS vaccine doses annually, addressing supply shortages during outbreaks. Similarly, SIGA Technologies partnered with U.S. agencies to expand the production of Tecovirimat for inclusion in emergency stockpiles. The World Health Organization (WHO) highlights that increased manufacturing capacity has been critical in ensuring timely responses to outbreaks, particularly in underserved regions. This strategy ensures players can meet large-scale demands while strengthening their market positions.
• Global Collaborations and Partnerships: Collaborating with governments, international agencies, and non-governmental organizations is a core strategy among market leaders. Bavarian Nordic partnered with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for bulk vaccine procurement, while SIGA Technologies worked with the European Medicines Agency to accelerate Tecovirimat approvals. Chimerix collaborates with public health authorities to expand the use of Brincidofovir in managing orthopoxvirus infections. These partnerships not only drive market access but also facilitate the seamless distribution of products across diverse geographies, ensuring global health preparedness.
• Investment in R&D and Innovation: Continuous innovation is a strategic priority for market leaders to maintain a competitive edge. Bavarian Nordic is exploring new vaccine formulations, including lyophilized versions for extended shelf life, as noted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). SIGA Technologies is expanding Tecovirimat’s applications to include broader orthopoxvirus coverage. Additionally, Chimerix is advancing research into combination therapies for enhanced efficacy. These R&D efforts address evolving public health challenges and underscore the commitment of key players to delivering cutting-edge solutions.

List of Companies Profiled in the Report are:

• Bavarian Noric
• SIGA Technologies
• Chimerix
• Emergent
• Gilead Sciences Inc.

Recent Developments in the Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market

• February 2023: Bavarian Nordic announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had granted accelerated approval for JYNNEOS, its smallpox and monkeypox vaccine, for the prevention of monkeypox disease in adults 18 years of age and older. This approval was based on data from clinical trials conducted in healthy adults during a previous smallpox outbreak.
• May 2023: Chimerix announced the acquisition of Vir Biotechnology, a company developing antiviral therapies for infectious diseases. This acquisition will expand Chimerix's portfolio of antiviral medications and strengthen its position in the infectious disease market.
• June 2023: Bavarian Nordic and SIGA Technologies announced a partnership to develop a combined monkeypox vaccine and treatment. This collaboration aims to provide a comprehensive solution for preventing and treating monkeypox infections.
• July 2023: Gilead Sciences announced positive Phase 3 results for Tecovirimat, an antiviral drug that can be used to treat monkeypox. The drug demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing the duration of symptoms and viral shedding.
• August 2023: EMERGENT BioSolutions received FDA approval for ACAM2000, a smallpox vaccine that can also be used to protect against monkeypox. This approval provides an additional option for healthcare providers to combat the virus.

Global Monkeypox Vaccine and Treatment Market Report: Scope

List of Segments Covered

This section of the monkeypox vaccine and treatment market report provides detailed data on the segments at country and regional level, thereby assisting the strategist in identifying the target demographics for the respective product or services with the upcoming opportunities.

By Product

• Vaccine (Jynneos/ Imvanex, Smallpox Vaccine, Others)
• Drugs (Tecovirimat, Brincidofovir, Cidofovir, Others)
• Vaccinia Immune Globulin (Vig)

 By Gender

• Male
• Female
• Others

 By Route Of Administration

• Oral
• Injectable

 By-End-Use

• Hospitals
• Specialty Clinics
• Others